To be elected as the Yang di-Pertuan Agong, the candidate must be a Ruler reigning in one of the nine respective Federal states namely Johor, Pahang, Negeri Sembilan, Selangor, Perlis, Terengganu, Kedah, Perak and Kelantan.

The Yang di- Pertuan Agong is elected by the Conference of Rulers in accordance with the procedure spelt out in the Third Schedule of the Federal Constitution and the rules of the Conference of Rulers.